Surgical oncology, also known as cancer surgery, is a significant branch of medicine that uses surgical methods for cancer treatment. Historically, it has been a frequently used field in cancer treatment before many different treatment methods were developed. The primary goal of surgical oncology is to treat the tumor by completely removing it from the body. However, even if complete removal of the tumor is not possible due to failed medical and pharmaceutical technologies, surgical oncology can still be used as part of multiple treatment methods. This solution, surgical oncology, can be applied to cancer treatment in many areas.
In surgical oncology, two different surgical techniques can be used: open surgery and minimally invasive surgery. Open surgery involves a large incision, while minimally invasive surgery uses small incisions and various techniques. Minimally invasive surgery utilizes techniques such as laparoscopy, laser surgery, cryosurgery, and robotic surgery.
Laparoscopy
In this method, the surgical oncologist makes several small incisions. They use a laparoscope, a thin tube with a small camera at its tip, through these incisions to capture an internal view, and perform the surgery using surgical instruments inserted through other incisions.
Laser surgery
In this method, surgery is performed using a laser, which is a high-intensity beam of light.
Cryosurgery
This method is a treatment technique in which a surgical oncologist uses liquid nitrogen to freeze or kill the cancerous mass.
Robotic surgery
In this method, which is similar to laparoscopic surgery, the surgical oncologist performs the operation using robotic instruments with the aid of a computer, instead of using surgical instruments by hand.
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